Skip to french drain calculator

French Drain Calculator

By Muhammad Abdullah Rauf · Founder, EverydayTools.proUpdated 2026-06-28

How much gravel do I need for a French drain?

French drain gravel fill is **trench length × width × depth**. Measure run length in feet, trench width in feet (12 in = 1 ft), and gravel fill depth in inches.

**Imperial formula:**

Cubic feet = Length (ft) × Width (ft) × Depth (in) ÷ **12**

Cubic yards = cu ft ÷ **27**

**Example — 50 ft run, 12 in wide, 18 in deep:**

50 × 1 × 18 ÷ 12 = **75 cu ft** (~2.78 cu yd)

**Typical trench profile:**

Perforated pipe, filter fabric, and outlet fittings are **ordered separately** — this tool estimates drain rock volume only.

  • **12 in wide** standard yard drain
  • **18 in deep** gravel fill (includes pipe zone)
  • **1% minimum slope** to daylight or dry well

French drain trench volume formula

The calculator treats the trenched zone as a rectangular prism: run length × trench width × gravel fill depth. An optional buffer covers over-dig and spillage.

Formula

cu ft = L(ft) × W(ft) × D(in) ÷ 12  |  cu yd = cu ft ÷ 27

Assumptions

  • Trench width and fill depth are uniform along the run.
  • Volume is loose drain rock before minor settling.
  • Pipe displacement is not subtracted — buffer covers the difference.

Limitations

  • Does not size pipe diameter or outlet capacity.
  • Does not replace engineered drainage design for structural loads.
  • Deep trenches may require shoring — consult local codes.

How to use French Drain Calculator

  1. Pick a trench preset

    Tap Standard trench (12×18 in), Deep trench (12×24 in), or Long foundation run — each sets width and depth.

  2. Enter run length

    Measure along the trench centerline from start to outlet — foundation swales, downspout extensions, or yard drains.

  3. Set trench width and fill depth

    Enter width in feet (12 in = 1 ft). Fill depth is gravel depth in the trench, typically 12–24 in.

  4. Read cubic yards and bags

    Bulk suppliers quote drain rock by the cubic yard. Enter bag size for retail pickup counts.

  5. Add order buffer and plan pipe separately

    Enable buffer for over-dig and spillage. Order perforated pipe, fittings, and filter fabric separately.

French Drain Calculator examples

50 ft run at 12×18 in

Input

50 ft × 1 ft × 18 in

Output

75 cu ft · 2.78 cu yd

50 × 1 × 18 ÷ 12 = 75 cu ft.

100 ft foundation swale

Input

100 ft × 1 ft × 18 in

Output

150 cu ft · 5.56 cu yd

Long perimeter drain — bulk delivery.

30 ft downspout at 12 in deep

Input

30 ft × 1 ft × 12 in

Output

30 cu ft · 1.11 cu yd

Shallow extension from downspout.

15 m metric run

Input

15 m × 0.3 m × 0.3 m

Output

1.35 m³

15 × 0.09 = 1.35 cubic meters.

Who uses French Drain Calculator?

Common real-world scenarios where this tool saves time.

Foundation perimeter drain

100 ft along house at 12×18 in: 100 × 1 × 1.5 = 150 cu ft → ~5.6 cu yd. Slope 1% away from foundation to daylight.

Downspout extension

30 ft run from downspout at 12×12 in shallow trench: ~30 cu ft (~1.1 cu yd). Daylight or dry well at end.

Yard swale drain

50 ft standard trench: 75 cu ft (~2.78 cu yd) — default golden vector. Use clean ¾–1½ in drain rock.

Metric trench run

15 m × 30 cm wide × 30 cm deep: volume in m³ for EU bulk bag orders.

Workflow guides

Step-by-step chains that connect related tools for common tasks.

Install a yard French drain

Trench rock, pipe, and outlet.

  1. Calculate drain rock volume.
  2. Check angular gravel for adjacent paths. Gravel Depth Calculator
  3. Call 811 and dig with 1% slope.
  4. Lay fabric → rock → pipe → cover rock → backfill.

Reference tables

Trench profiles

ProfileWidthFill depthUse
Standard12 in18 inYard and foundation drains
Shallow12 in12 inDownspout extensions
Deep12 in24 inHigh water table areas
Narrow6 in18 inTight side-yard runs

Wider trenches improve flow capacity — confirm with local code.

Best practices

Daylight or dry well outlet

Pipe holes face down

Backfill in lifts

Common mistakes to avoid

Using pea gravel or crusher fines

Use **clean angular drain rock** (¾–1½ in) — fines clog perforated pipe and reduce flow.

Flat trench with no slope

Maintain **minimum 1% slope** (1 in per 8 ft) to outlet, dry well, or daylight.

Skipping filter fabric

Wrap pipe and trench with geotextile to prevent soil infiltration into the rock bed.

Not calling utility locate

Call **811** before digging — deep foundation trenches cross gas, electric, and water lines.

Advertisement

Frequently Asked Questions

How much gravel for a 50 ft French drain?

At 12 in wide × 18 in deep: about 75 cu ft or 2.78 cubic yards. Add 10% buffer for over-dig.

How wide should a French drain trench be?

12 inches is standard for residential yard drains. Narrow 6 in trenches work for tight runs but reduce flow capacity.

How deep should a French drain be?

18 inches gravel fill is typical — deep enough to capture subsurface water and bury perforated pipe. Shallow 12 in works for downspout extensions.

What size rock for French drains?

Clean angular drain rock, ¾–1½ inch. Avoid pea gravel, limestone screenings, and crusher fines that clog pipe.

Does this include perforated pipe?

No. This calculator estimates drain rock volume only. Order 4 in perforated pipe, fittings, and filter fabric separately.

What slope does a French drain need?

Minimum 1% (1 in drop per 8 ft run) toward daylight, storm drain, or an engineered dry well.

Privacy, accuracy, and trust

Privacy

Trench dimensions are processed only in your browser — EverydayTools does not collect or store your measurements.

Volume estimates only — not civil engineering or drainage design. Confirm outlet design and local codes with a qualified contractor.

Part of Calculator Tools

More free tools for the same workflow.

Advertisement

Reviewed on 2026-06-28.