Protein is a macronutrient made of amino acids — the building blocks the body uses to synthesize muscle tissue, enzymes, hormones, and structural proteins. Unlike carbohydrates and fat, protein cannot be efficiently stored, so consistent daily intake matters.
Protein recommendations are expressed in grams per kilogram of body weight (g/kg) and vary by activity:
• Sedentary adults: 0.8 g/kg — the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) minimum to prevent deficiency
• Lightly active: 1.2–1.4 g/kg — supports general health and light exercise recovery
• Moderately active: 1.4–1.7 g/kg — covers maintenance of existing muscle during regular training
• Very active: 1.7–2.0 g/kg — supports muscle repair and adaptation in high training loads
• Muscle gain / fat loss goal: 1.8–2.2 g/kg — maximizes muscle protein synthesis in a surplus or preserves lean mass in a deficit
The upper effective range for most people is around 1.6–2.0 g/kg; beyond that, additional protein does not significantly increase muscle synthesis. Very high intakes (>2.5 g/kg) add extra calories without proportional benefit for most adults.
Individuals with chronic kidney disease should follow medical guidance — protein restriction may be required in some stages. People over 65 generally benefit from slightly higher protein intake (1.2–1.5 g/kg) to counter sarcopenia (age-related muscle loss).